We believe frontier markets remain attractive in 2026, supported by resilient fundamentals, high real yields, and ongoing foreign-exchange (FX) adjustments.
While the scope for further rate cuts is generally limited following aggressive easing in 2025, select countries—including Egypt, Ghana, Zambia, and Kenya—retain room for additional monetary easing as inflation moderates and external balances improve.
Elsewhere, although the potential for additional easing is more constrained, strong carry, improving fiscal dynamics, and robust external accounts—particularly among commodity exporters—should continue to support investor interest.
Despite tighter spreads and more concentrated positioning in a handful of markets, we believe the risk/reward profile remains favorable, with most frontier debt offering meaningful spread pickup over sovereign and developed market peers and systemic risks contained by resilient fundamentals.
Below, we show our top exposures, followed by some highlights of our thinking.
Top Exposures

Source: William Blair, as of December 2025. Beta buckets are based on the team’s qualitative and quantitative analysis. Risk buckets are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended as investment advice or as projections of future returns. Overweights/underweights may vary between vehicles.
Hard Currency Positions
We remain focused on selective hard currency sovereign exposures where improving policy credibility and fiscal discipline support resilient carry and potential spread compression.
In Angola, our overweight to hard currency debt is supported by the government’s commitment to fiscal discipline and conservative oil-price assumptions in the 2026 budget. This “belt-tightening” approach signals a prudent approach to managing external vulnerabilities, particularly amid moderating oil revenues. Angola’s consistent budget surpluses and Fitch’s affirmation of its B- rating with a “stable” outlook also give us confidence in the credit’s resilience. We also remain positioned in a short-dated amortizing bond—a more defensive expression of this view given its amortizing structure and lower beta to risk appetite.
Political stability following Kyrgyzstan President Japarov’s electoral consolidation provides a favorable macro backdrop for Kyrgyzstan.
Meanwhile, Kyrgyzstan’s debut Eurobond has continued to attract investor interest, supported by moderate public debt, strong remittance inflows, and adequate FX reserves. Political stability following President Sadyr Japarov’s electoral consolidation and robust gross domestic product (GDP) growth projections provide a favorable macro backdrop, in our opinion. We believe we could see continued spread compression and stable income generation from this position.
Lastly, our overweight to Argentinian hard currency bonds reflects our conviction in the country’s improving macro trajectory. The U.S. Treasury’s backstop agreement, including a substantial swap line and direct debt purchases, has materially reduced near-term default risk and bolstered investor sentiment. President Javier Milei’s strengthened reform mandate, alongside fiscal outperformance and easing inflation, supports our view that Argentina’s Eurobonds offer compelling value. As the International Monetary Fund (IMF) program progresses and market access normalizes, we believe we could see further spread tightening and capital appreciation.
Local Currency Positions
In local currency markets, we emphasize high-carry positions where improving inflation dynamics, policy inflection points, and currency stability support attractive risk-adjusted returns.
Our positioning in Nigerian local currency debt remains favorable. Moderating inflation and the central bank’s shift away from tightening have created a supportive backdrop for bond prices. FX reforms have helped stabilize the naira, while improving macro fundamentals led Standard & Poor’s (S&P) to revise Nigeria’s sovereign outlook to “positive.” We expect continued yield compression and currency stability, reinforcing our view that Nigeria is a high-carry, high-conviction opportunity.
We maintained a position in Eswatini local bonds. The lilangeni is pegged 1:1 to the South African rand, and the rates market largely tracks South African government bonds. Ongoing implementation of the National Development Plan and prudent fiscal management have helped keep macro risks contained. With essentially rand-linked exposure, Eswatini serves as a high-carry proxy for South Africa, where we broadly remain constructive on the outlook for further disinflation and gradual easing of monetary policy to support the performance of the rates market.
Uruguay remains a strategic local currency holding.
Uruguay remains a strategic local currency holding. Inflation has moved within the central bank’s target range, enabling a measured easing cycle that should support bond valuations. The peso remains stable, and the government’s multiyear budget continues to emphasize fiscal consolidation. Uruguay’s investment-grade status and prudent macro management underpin our confidence in this position.
Total Portfolio Positions
Ghana remains our largest and most strategic position across both hard and local currency buckets.
Progress under the IMF program has been substantial, with a return to primary surplus, rebuilding of FX reserves, and continued reform implementation. Fourth quarter 2025 rating and outlook upgrades from S&P and Moody’s reflect improved fiscal and external metrics.
Meanwhile, the cedi has appreciated and stabilized, while sharply lower inflation has enabled meaningful rate cuts. All in all, Ghana appears well positioned, with favorable export dynamics, credible policy execution, and improving investor confidence supporting the outlook.
Yvette Babb is a portfolio manager on William Blair’s emerging markets debt team.
Daniel Wood is a portfolio manager on William Blair’s emerging markets debt team.